Use Content Infrastructure as CaaS: Content as a Service

Content infrastructure is the modern way to put content management in your stack. Building apps, websites and every other digital solution imaginable using content infrastructure is what Contentful is all about.

Creating first class user experiences that runs on any platform is now only a matter of integrating content infrastructure in your developer workflow.

Content infrastructure requires a much smaller administrative burden than a headless WordPress installation. And it goes without saying that the same is true for a headless Drupal setup.

Developers access content stored within the content infrastructure via API-calls. Working with assets via the APIs is a two-way street — assets can be both downloaded and uploaded to the content infrastructure using your favorite stack.

A key feature of content infrastructure is that it’s a hosted solution fronted by a stable Content Delivery Network (CDN). The architecture guarantees low response times for any content and gives a worry-free platform for your digital assets. So now you can spend more time coding and less time babysitting a monolithic CMS.

CaaS is as a way to label content infrastructure in a familiar X-as-a-service kind of way. When it comes to API calls and delivery of content, there are no significant differences between the CaaS and content infrastructure.

This article will use content infrastructure and CaaS interchangeably.

• Structured content. These CMS encourage content owners to structure their content — to operate in chunks, not page blobs. This reflects the shift from page-centric web to content-centric web. Content strategy expert Karen McGrane's WYSIWTF piece gives some great context of why chunks are much better than blobs.
• Decoupled approach. CaaS always means separating the front-end (content presentation) from the backend (content storage and delivery). Essentially, this separation of concerns simplifies the CMS architecture: every piece does its own one thing. Read more about headless/decoupled CMS.
• Separation of content and presentation. This family of CMS no longer imposes any design limitations on the product. It means that a CMS is only used to manage and deliver pure content and the channel-specific client decides about the visual representation of that content.
• Cloud setup. CaaS, as a sub-group of SaaS (Software as a service) approach, moves the content from your servers to the vendor's cloud. That means that every CaaS user doesn't have to set up, maintain, and scale the infrastructure on their own — the vendor does that for each of them.

If CaaS is that good, why isn't everyone using it already? Well, mostly because it's good in some contexts (see the section above) and not so splendid in others.

For example, it's not as good for setting up a personal blog. Or it's not as good when you know that you only want to do a website, and that is it. Because the effort is not worth it: there are other solutions, much cheaper and less complicated, for these particular scenarios.

Developers

More and more developers encounter the need to have a CaaS solution. Those are either mobile app developers who need a backend to feed their apps with content, or front-end developers who expect to interact with an API. While those technologies have been around for some time, they are becoming increasingly popular, driving the demand for CaaS.

Business

• Content owners want to get their content to as many platforms and channels as possible: web, mobile, social networks, smart devices, and so on
• It's too expensive to have a separate solution for every channel — development-wise and maintenance-wise
• It's much more efficient to have a single editorial team and a single software stack for all channels
• Developers can be more productive and efficient with the tools they like, and CaaS solutions tend to fall into this category of tools

There are three essential parts: the editing interface (typically a web app), the CMS infrastructure capabilities, and the development ecosystem.

Web editor

• Enables content architects to create the content model (the structure of content)
• Enables content editors to manage content — that is, create it, update it and collaborate on it

Technical infrastructure

• Performance, uptime, scalability to ensure you can trust your vendor to reliably deliver content in mission-critical applications
• SLAs with short incident response times and access to dedicated staff — so in case of problems you get a mission-critical app back up again, fast
• Mobile delivery capabilities so that you can provide a great user experience even in network-challenged environments (like subways, rural areas) and high bandwidth cost areas (such as emerging markets)
• API-based importing, management, and delivery for controlling content programmatically both ways
• Comprehensive and up-to-date documentation to help the development team start using the tool quickly
• CDN (content delivery network) to deliver the content rapidly

Development ecosystem

• SDKs and libraries so your team is up to speed faster no matter what their tech stack is
• Demo app source code so developers don't have to reinvent the wheel anew
• 3rd party integrations so you get value from existing tools

Since the space is relatively young, there is no official market share data available, e.g. from analyst firms. Our own company, Contentful, probably has the most market traction regarding number and size of customers, revenues, team size and funding - and was recently selected as a Cool Vendor by Gartner, a world-leading US-based technology analyst. Other options are Osmek, Cloud CMS, and Prismic.

Notably, popular open source CMSes such as WordPress and Drupal are moving in the CaaS direction, mainly by introducing plugins (Drupal RESTful web services, WordPress REST API) which add RESTfulness on top of the existing setup. Drupal 8 will also include RESTful API in its core. Running such a configuration in the cloud makes for a semi-CaaS solution.

However, while this change adds something which was missing before, the architecture of the system remains the same – web-based, page-centric. There are still no good ways to structuring content in a custom way, there are scaling issues, and content and presentation continue living together.

In some cases, it might be sufficient to go with a web CMS with an add-on on top, but we have experienced that problems arise on the way.

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